Les Gens De Couleur Libres, The Free People of Col Essay Example For Students

Les Gens De Couleur Libres, The Free People of Col Essay or on the other hand in New OrleansShattered dreams. Broken guarantees. They were hung among opportunity and bondage. They battled to locate an alternate sort of opportunity and independency where equity still can't seem to exist and bigotry wasnt only a piece of life, however what life was about. New OrleansNew Orleans is a city in southern Louisiana, situated on the Mississippi River. The vast majority of the city is arranged on the east bank, between the stream and Lake Pontchartrain toward the north. Since it was based on an extraordinary turn of the stream, it is known as the Crescent City. New Orleans was established in 1718 by Jean Baptiste Le Moyne, sieur de Bienville, and named for the official of France, Philippe II, duc dOrleans. It stayed a French state until 1763, when it was given up to the Spanish. In 1800, Spain surrendered it back to France; in 1803, New Orleans, alongside the whole Louisiana Purchase, was sold by Napoleon I to the United States. Like the early American settlements along Massachusetts Bay and Chesapeake Bay, New Orleans filled in as an unmistakable social portal to North America, where individuals from Europe and Africa at first interlaced their lives and customs with those of the local occupants of the New World. The subsequent lifestyle varied significantly from the way of life than was generated in the English settlements of North America. New Orleans is where Africans, Indians and European pioneers shared their societies and mixed together. Energized by the French government, this procedure for delivering an extreme, tough culture in a t roublesome spot, stamped New Orleans as various and extraordinary it despite everything keeps on separating the city today. The AfricansAfrican Americans make up about portion of the city of New Orleans populace to date. How did this happen? All things considered, during the eighteenth century, Africans went to the city legitimately from West Africa. The larger part went neither through the West Indies nor South America, so they created entangled relations with both the Indian and Europeans. The Spanish rulers (1765-1802) connected with the dark populace for help against the French pioneers; in doing as such, they permitted numerous to purchase their own opportunity. These free dark pioneers alongside Creole slaves framed the most punctual dark urban settlement in North America. The CreolesA Creole is an individual conceived in the West Indies or Spanish America yet of European, typically Spanish, family line. What's more, it likewise implies an individual plummeted from Africans and European. Those were the Free People of Color. They were exceptionally gifted experts, specialists, instructors, authors, grower, and artists. Many free ladies of shading were exceptionally gifted needle workers, beauticians, and cooks while some possessed property and continued lodgings. Some of them were grower when the Civil War and possessed slaves. Albeit stunning and inconceivable to numerous individuals today, the way that some free minorities claimed slaves must become known. DiscriminationWhile budgetary flourishing was normal, separation was too. Despite the fact that business was performed among whites and Creoles of shading in broad daylight houses, they didn't associate outside of business plans. Striking of a white individual by a free ethnic minority could mean ca pture. Free non-white individuals couldn't cast a ballot, regardless of how white they may have looked. Ladies by law had to cover their hair with a scarf in the early piece of the 19the century. Being cunning, they before long brandished refined headgear complete with plume and gems. Drama and theater going was a most loved leisure activity of both white and the gens de couleur, despite the fact that they were not situated together. .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .postImageUrl , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .focused content zone { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:hover , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:visited , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:active { border:0!important; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; haziness: 1; progress: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:active , .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:hover { obscurity: 1; progress: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: haziness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-beautification: underline; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe span: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-improvement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: total; right: 0; top: 0; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df5 0292fc2 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u832de30db88d42513813f5df50292fc2:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The Ethical Dilemma Of The Indian Barial Contovers EssayPlacageAmerican foreigners saw them as very colorful, for the dark Creoles were Catholic, French or Creole speakers, and acquainted with an altogether extraordinary way of life. Placage was a plan between a liberated individual of shading and a white defender. As it was unlawful for a lady of shading to wed a white man. The courses of action profited the two gatherings included. French and Spanish dads rewarded their Creole youngsters fair, frequently sending them to Europe for instruction and making them lawful beneficiaries. Creole Society and CustomsThe non-white individuals are a one of a kind gathering of individuals that have added to the most European city in America, New Orleans. Their way of life slanted towards those of liberated slaves; they were permitted to claim organizations, homesteads, houses and even captives of their own. Chateaus in and close to Natchez are illustrative of Creole design. They had enormous roomy rooms with high vaulted roofs, angled entryways, overhead fanlights, and created iron railings. There were tall white segments, expansive displays, and enormous passageways outwardly of the houses. In the rear of the most chateaus was the kitchen and further back were the slave quarters. The manors grounds were flawless with superb old trees and Spanish greenery, huge amounts of blossoms, and generous yards. Within the houses mirrored the estate proprietors riches; hand-cut rosewood furniture, mantles, steps, and so on.; winding mahogany flights of stairs, beautified roofs, and so forth. The Creoles wanted to move and they went to numerous balls. Society balls were generally supported by a gathering of single guys and youthful wedded men. Different stimulations included going to the drama or the theater, vaudeville shows, shows and marches. The men got a kick out of the chance to bet, play pool, backgammon, checkers, dominoes, or go to cockfights, horse races, dogfights, and bullfights. Creole traditions can be isolated into two sorts: strict and non-strict. Strict traditions center around occasions: All Saints Day, Mardi Gras and Easter, for instance. On All Saints Day Creoles bring blossoms made of white, dark, or purple tissue paper to put on graves in the burial ground. The week prior to this occasion shops show crowns and crosses with dark dabs and immortelles, which may be pictures of holy people. Mardi GrasLoosely deciphered, it implies, Fat Tuesday. Mardi Gras is commended on the Tuesday before Ash Wednesday, which is the start of Lent. Loaned is the period of petition and fasting saw by the Roman Catholic Church and other Christian groups during the forty days and seven Sundays before Easter Sunday. The custom of veiling on Mardi Gras was brought from France by the early pioneers. During the period when Louisiana was a French, and later a Spanish area, the maskers went from house to house, however there was no normal road march until after the Americans came into the State. The Americans thought Mardi Gras may turn into a business endeavor, and be made 80 alluring as to attract guests to New Orleans. Early Tuesday morning the cheerful kids, boisterous with tinkling ringers and wearing covers and gay dominoes, come out of their homes and visit from entryway to entryway in their neighborhood. Later in the day there is a road march, and another around evening time. The Mardi Gras gayeties end with the most splendid wad of the period. All in all I might want to rehash that from the most punctual long periods of New Orleans history, free people of shading have existed together with those of European extraction. They didnt need to get along fine, however that was only a lifestyle, which many, needed to either acknowledge or battle against. The free non-white individuals, albeit free, didn't have the entirety of the privileges of their white partners. As Charles E. ONeill, in Our People and Our History, characterized it They shared neither the benefits of the ace class nor the corruption of the slave. They remained between or rather separated sharing the developed taste

Bernard Lawrence Free Essays

Bernie Madoff was conceived on 29th April, 1938 in New York. His folks were Jewish, specifically Ralph and Sylvia Madoff. In 1956, he had moved on from the Hofstra University where he had contemplated political theory. We will compose a custom article test on Bernard Lawrence or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now He at that point turned into a handyman, and later on established the Madoff magnanimous Foundation. His vocation in the speculation field started after he wedded Ruth Alpern, his secondary school darling, who worked at a stock trade advertise in Manhattan. In 1960, he established the Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC, (presently NASDAQ) and has since the time gone about as its director until he was captured. Prior to the revelation of the extortion, Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities appeared as though the sort of firm that each stock intermediary would need to work with. The financial specialists and the representatives all had confidence in Bernie. It was consequently that he was named as the administrator of NASDAQ, and was additionally delegated to industry channels by the SEC. Madoff is said to have been a humanitarian who worked with numerous philanthropic foundations. He was a man of extraordinary impact, and numerous individuals had depended him with their riches. Madoff is known to have submitted the greatest misrepresentation through a Ponzi plan which he had completed for at any rate 20 years. He admitted his wrongdoing to his children, Andrew and Mark a year ago. This is a paper covering Madoff’s, large Ponzi plan that prompted his imprisonment. (Lenzner) The Ponzi plan Even as Madoff was still in contemplating law at Brooklyn Law School, he was in associated with the protections business. On of his first ventures was with an organization, called the Electronics Capital, where he had contributed $200. As indicated by what the SEC unveiled, his stocks had developed from the first $200 to $16,140. Around then, this was a ton of cash, and this more likely than not caught his enthusiasm for the protections advertise. His plan to engage in illicit activities to get more cash-flow more likely than not been in his brain for quite a while. This is on the grounds that during the 1990s, Madoff would flaunt to certain his financial specialists that he was utilizing an alternate system from the split-strike change technique. This more likely than not been what prompted the extortion. An examination uncovered that there were pieces of information in his office, however it was difficult to get him. For instance, there was an IBM server, and an AS/400 which dated from as ahead of schedule as the 1980s; reports said that it was old to the point, that some data was entered in by hand, yet Madoff was hesitant to have it supplanted. This machine is said to have been the inside around which the extortion was conspired. A large number of proclamations that were printed from it uncovered exchanges that had never been made. (Bandler etal) According to the individuals who assumed jobs in the early electronic exchanging and the organization, Madoff’s organization was fruitful just during the 1970s and the 1980s. They further said that the achievement must be credited to the way that his security business was the first to have utilized the electronic programming to exchange stocks. He was likewise ready to pull in numerous purchasers in light of the fact that the product was modest, yet additionally quick. Rather than taking an expense for exchanging stocks like the NYSE did, Bernie paid a few firms like Charles Schwab a couple of dollars an offer for each request they made. In spite of the fact that the product utilized by Madoff, his organization had the skill to fence the hazard that came about structure the lopsidedness in the purchase and sell orders and consequently had the option to save its benefit. This implies regardless of whether he paid the customer, he despite everything stayed with enough cash to make a tremendous benefit. During the mid 1990s, his firm had succeeded, in that it was answerable for executing in any event 9% of the considerable number of stocks exchanged each day at the NYSE. His firm spent significant time in exchanging different offers from huge organizations outside the trade. Throughout the entire existence of exchanging stocks, no other organization could exceed NASDAQ, which got its favorable position from the utilization of electronic methods. He was regarded among his companions, aside from those of the NYSE, who compared his requests to kick backs. They saw Madoff’s exchanges as decrepit, however they had no real way to demonstrate any criminal operations. The installments that he paid for the requests were all legitimate, and Madoff guaranteed that they remained so. NASD and SEC demanded that the protections industry’s self controlled body unite a board to explore NASDAQ. Being the executive NASDAQ, Madoff tested his specialists by recommending that they proceed to remember observers for the board. He had the option to work himself out of the issues that could have happened to him. (Bandler etal) He effectively talked the agents into his line of reasoning. Truth be told, a portion of the individuals in the board said that he was not pushy during the cross examinations. In spite of the fact that his primary point was to ensure his business, he never proposed that in any immediate way. He was simply resolved to make the board â€Å"understand† the manner in which his business worked. Toward the finish, all things considered, Madoff won. He had figured out how to persuade the board that his act of offering installments was no different as that applied by the Wall Street. Things anyway changed in 1997, when the guidelines that administered the exchanging spreads changed. That year, they were sliced from 12. 5? an offer to 6. 25? , and later on in 2001, dropped to only a penny. NASDAQ’s benefits began diminishing. Madoff had the option to keep submitting his fake demonstrations since he presently began advertising his speculation business by persuading individuals through informal. The individuals who educated of it spread it to their companions. It turned into an exclusive hangout, and Madoff’s plan not having any desire to concede new individuals, pulled in considerably more consideration from the individuals who knew about it. His private financial specialists were asked to stay silent, and also the issue to an untouchable; on the off chance that they did, they gambled losing their ventures. Disregarding his endeavors to keep his speculations mystery, they some way or another surfaced, however he was resolved to keep concealing any demonstration that would excite doubt. Two distributions that were aimed at stirring doubt on Madoff’s tasks went disregarded. Indeed, even the representatives who worked inside the association overlooked them; all things considered, they had no idea of what was happening. It later turned out that Madoff’s unlawful speculations were meddling with the legitimate ones. Actually, during the preliminary, Madoff conceded cap he moved a large number of dollars from his misrepresentation organizations in London to his legitimate firm in New York. His false plans were so convoluted; it is said that it would not be straightforward his tasks in subtleties. He likewise deceived safeguard or conceal his demonstrations. For instance, in May 2006, he was met by the SEC, and asked whether the values were exchanged Europe, he conceded that they were. The fact of the matter was that he generally said that he had a few exchanges Europe, at whatever point he was unable to clarify the idea of the organizations. There were likewise no values being exchanged Europe. In numerous events, Madoff’s lies took care of him. Madoff’s accessory Despite the fact that Madoff was the driving force rascal, he clearly had an associate. Workers admitted that Frank DiPascali, went about as Madoff’s delegate and was liable for maintaining the business on the seventeenth floor, the floor where Madoff’s office was. A previous merchant said that the he was matured 33, yet individuals neither realized what his work truly was, nor his title. One representative said that, â€Å"Everyone realized he was a serious deal, however he resembled a shadow. † (Bandler etal) DiPascali, when captured, indicated his inclusion in Madoff’s plan when he began to arrange a request manage government investigators. He offered to reveal the entire plan and to name names, in return for a decreased sentence. In any case, he had no proof that there were other relatives associated with the Madoff conspire. DiPascali was the facilitator of Madoff’s plans. He confessed to have controlled fake profits for benefit of a few significant speculators in Madoff’s business. Some of them incorporate Frank Avellino, is said to have been running the â€Å"feeder fund† and Jeffry Picower, who needed to close down his establishment as it was influenced by the misfortunes related with Madoff. For instance, in the event that one of such significant customers earned more cash on different ventures, Madoff would tell DiPascali, who at that point created a misfortune with the thought process of decreasing the assessment bill. As I would see it, I would ay that the United States had the option to create such an individual as Madoff on the grounds that other than the way that he had solid associations, his firm was performing all around ok; in reality it offered openings for work to Americans, while from numerous points of view added to the financial advancement of the United States. Madoff was additionally ready to conceal his disgraceful activities viably, shielding himself from the specialists. A case of such an occasion is the point at which he had the option to safeguard himself from the board in 1991 during the examinations. (Paltrow) He had a smart method to get himself out o inconvenience. The way that a great many people knew him as an altruist was sufficient guard, at any rate to the kindnesses. His liberal demonstrations like giving gifts were only for appear, including his gifts to the 2008 presidential battles, where he subsidized the two competitors. The Madoff case was one of the hardest to be totally revealed, given that it had been conspired for in any event 20 years. It could likewise be sufficient explanation that Madoff was a sharp man since he had the option to submit the extortion all alone. In the event that Madoff could have had more assets to take care of his speculators in December, at that point he would have had the option to continue with his Ponzi conspire. His plan has prompted the breakdown and conclusion of a few associations that had put resources into his activities. Works refered to 1) Bandler J. Varchever N. (April 30, 2009) Ho Instructions to refer to Bernard Lawrence, Papers Bernard Lawrence Free Essays Portray the three kinds of unlawful conduct alle

Go Ahead and Wallow in These Depressing Love Quotes

Feel free to Wallow in These Depressing Love Quotes Love can make you take off with joy. Or on the other hand love can leave you sore with distress. Once in a while love can leave you grief stricken. You may be such a great amount in torment fromâ unrequited love that you never need to adore again. Such melancholy can negatively affect your wellbeing. The cure to heartbreakâ just may be discouraging adoration quotesâ sometimes people need a shoulder to cry on may be a banality, yet its likewise obvious. So feel free to flounder in it for slightly, realizing that what you are feeling is a piece of lifes venture and an encounter shared by numerous individuals through the ages. W. Somerset MaughamThe love that keeps going the longest is the adoration that is stayed away forever. Love is just a grimy stunt played on us to accomplish continuation of the species. BoethiusA man substance to go to paradise alone will never go to paradise. For in all affliction ofâ fortuneâ the most noticeably awful kind of wretchedness is to have been glad. Francois de La RochefoucauldAbsence reduces fair interests and expands incredible ones as the breeze stifles candles and fans fires. Julie AndrewsAll love moves and changes. I dont know whether you can be wholeheartedly enamored constantly. Judy GarlandFor it was not into my ear you murmured, yet into my heart. It was not my lips you kissed, however my spirit. OvidFortune and love favor the bold. Mother TeresaThe strive after adoration is considerably more hard to expel than the long for bread. Mignon McLaughlinHate leaves terrible scars, love departs excellent ones. Albert EllisThe craft of adoration ... is to a great extent the craft of constancy. Thomas FullerThe most noteworthy loathe springs from the best love. Edmund SpenserAnd agonizing joy goes to satisfying torment. Thomas MooreTo love you was charming enough. What's more, goodness! Tis tasty to despise you! George Bernard ShawLove is a gross misrepresentation of the distinction between one individual and every other person. Federico Garcia Lorca, Blood Wedding and Yerma â€Å"To ignite with want and stay silent about it is the best discipline we can welcome on ourselves.†Ã¢ Betty Smith, A Tree Grows in Brooklyn â€Å"I know that is the thing that individuals state youll get over it. Id state it, as well. Yet, I know its false. Gracious, youll be glad again, never dread. Be that as it may, you wont overlook. Each time you begin to look all starry eyed at it will be on the grounds that something in the man helps you to remember him.†Ã¢ Dylan Thomas â€Å"Though darlings be lost, love will not; And passing will have no dominion.†Ã¢ George R.R. Martin â€Å"When the sun has set, no flame can supplant it.†Ã¢ Lana Del Ray â€Å"No one thinks about to you, yet theres no you, aside from in my fantasies tonight.†

Reasons of the High Homosexual Marriage Rate

Reflections on the Toyota Debacle + When Theres No Such Thing as Too Much Information - Article Example lity items created, quickening pedals that stuck totally free floor mats and the clingy pedal materials after presentation to dampness and erosion (Cusumano 34). Answer: In my feeling, Toyota was not happy with its prosperity. This was on the grounds that; the organization continued attempting to transcend its rivals. Something else was the organization was quick to give clients the best quality particularly after the many gripes. An agreeable organization could have quite recently sat and proceed with creation without disapproving of the numerous organizations made. Answer: Several things have astonished me about the article. One, the creator is by all accounts so enthused about each part of Toyota Company undoubtedly. Two, another shock is on how Toyota has figured out how to stay in the highest point of the automobile business much in the wake of being the organization with the most deformities recognized. Answer: Blockbuster Video rental chain has been a flourishing organization until the presentation of innovation. Lion's share of the individuals presently can get to online recordings, which has decreased the clients stream to the rental shops. Answer: Pillsbury is a food creation organization. Because of its developing worldwide piece of the overall industry the business has a developing data requirement for the two its clients and its workers. It presently utilizes StatServer to pass on modified information, examination and teach representatives on their work areas (Tibco 1).The apparatus has improved the company’s efficiency by permitting workers to redesign singular work area information investigation devices. Pinnacle ventures manage plastic creations. It representatives involve a group of architects, craftsmans, and undertaking supervisors. To keep giving great items and administrations to their clients, the organization utilizes a refined ERP framework (Localdirectory 1). This has empowered them gain a high consumer loyalty and representative effectiveness in

Blog Archive Dean Profiles Glenn Hubbard, Columbia Business School

Blog Archive Dean Profiles Glenn Hubbard, Columbia Business School Business school deans are more than administrative figureheads. Their character and leadership is often reflective of an MBA program’s unique culture and sense of community. Each month, we will be profiling the dean of a top-ranking program. Today, we focus on Glenn Hubbard  from Columbia Business School (CBS). Glenn Hubbard was appointed dean of CBS in 2004, having been at the school for nearly 20 years and having served as the Russell L. Carson Professor of Finance and Economics, the school’s senior vice dean and codirector of the entrepreneurial program. He is also well known for having been an economic advisor to Mitt Romney’s presidential campaign in 2012 and a leading designer of the 2003 Bush tax cuts, which he helped implement while chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisers. After being criticized for his ties to the financial services industry in the 2010 documentary Inside Job, Hubbard has made a more concerted effort to bring professional responsibility to the fore of the CBS curriculum and to require faculty to fully disclose their professional activities outside of teaching. While many business schools responded to the recent financial crisis by adding standalone ethics courses to their curricula, Hubbard told the Wall Street Journal in 2011, “I don’t think students pay attention to [ethics] the way they do when it’s integrated into your marketing course, into your operations course, into your finance class.” With the launch of a new flexible curriculum in 2008 and further curricular changes in 2013, the school has reportedly worked to incorporate this integrated approach to teaching ethics directly into its core components. The new curriculum also engenders what Hubbard has promoted as the three most essential directives for business studen ts: “analyze, decide, and lead.” From what we learned in our research, Hubbard is often the good-natured subject of student sketches in the CBS Follies comedy show and has been known to even make a personal appearance now and then. Videos from past Follies in which the dean has featured can be found on YouTube, including a musical parody of “Every Breath You Take” by The Police, in which Hubbard covets Ben Bernanke’s 2006 appointment as chairman of the Federal Reserve. For more information about CBS and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Columbia University (Columbia Business School) Professor Profiles Blog Archive Dean Profiles Glenn Hubbard, Columbia Business School Business school deans are more than administrative figureheads. Their character and leadership is often reflective of an MBA program’s unique culture and sense of community. Each month, we will be profiling the dean of a top-ranking program. Today, we focus on  Glenn Hubbard  from Columbia Business School (CBS). Glenn Hubbard  was appointed dean of CBS in 2004, having been at the school for nearly 20 years and having served as the Russell L. Carson Professor of Finance and Economics, the school’s senior vice dean, and codirector of the entrepreneurial program. He is also well known for having been an economic advisor to Mitt Romney’s presidential campaign in 2012 and a leading designer of the 2003 Bush tax cuts, which he helped implement while chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisers. After being criticized for his ties to the financial services industry in the 2010 documentary  Inside Job, Hubbard has made a more concerted effort to bring professional responsibility to the fore of the CBS curriculum and to require faculty to fully disclose their professional activities outside of teaching. While many business schools responded to the recent financial crisis by adding standalone ethics courses to their curricula, Hubbard told the  Wall Street Journal  in 2011, “I don’t think students pay attention to [ethics] the way they do when it’s integrated into your marketing course, into your operations course, into your finance class.” With the launch of a new flexible curriculum in 2008 and further curricular changes in 2013, the school has reportedly worked to incorporate this integrated approach to teaching ethics directly into its core components. The updated curriculum also engenders what Hubbard has promoted as the three most essential directives for business students: “analyze, decide, and lead.” Hubbard is often the good-natured subject of student sketches in the CBS Follies comedy show and has been known to even make a personal appearance now and then. Videos from past Follies in which the dean has featured can be found on YouTube, including a musical parody of  â€œEvery Breath You Take”  by The Police, in which Hubbard covets Ben Bernanke’s 2006 appointment as chairman of the Federal Reserve. For more information about CBS and 15 other top-ranked business schools, check out the  mbaMission Insider’s Guides. Share ThisTweet Columbia University (Columbia Business School) Professor Profiles

The Depiction of Nationhood Within The Lost Honor of Katharina Blum - Literature Essay Samples

Alexander Crummel once said that â€Å"a sense of responsibility which comes with power is the rarest of things† (n.d.). This is a concept which is explored within Heinrich Boll’s 1975 novel The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum as Boll demonstrates the way power has been abused within the nation of West Germany during the Cold War era. He achieves this through his use of literary devices, such as symbolism, syntax, diction, metaphor, alliteration and dramatic irony, as he reveals the merciless persecution of Katharina Blum at the hands of the police, the press and the patriarchy after she falls in love and spends a single night with the criminal Ludwig Gotten. The author makes apparent the corruption that can accompany power as the young woman’s rights are violated by an unjust police force, her reputation is ruined by a capitalist press and her beauty is sexualised by the patriarchy. It is therefore in order to reveal the corrupt nationhood of West Germany that Bol l follows Katharina through her hardships and her absolute powerlessness as she is tormented by the very structures meant to support her and the society that surrounds her. In his narrative, Boll highlights the corruption of West Germany’s police and contradicts the popular notion of them being just protectors of the public. By exploring the law enforcement’s harsh treatment of Katharina as she is investigated for aiding Gotten’s escape, he is able to condemn the presence of a corrupt legal, judicial and governmental system within West Germany that violates the rights of the weak and marginalised, rather than defending the helpless as they claim to do. This is apparent in Katharina’s damaged perception of her apartment, which she had previously â€Å"been so fond of†, following the police’s forced entrance and search, a view that is evident when â€Å"she declined to go home, saying the events had spoiled the apartment for her once and for all†, even stating that she â€Å"preferred to wait in a cell†. The invasion of her apartment, a symbol of her hard-work, achievement and independence, represent s the destruction of the life she has arduously built for herself at the hands of the police, supported by the power of the law and under the guise of justice. Her preference of an uncomfortable, unpleasant cell over her hard-earned home emphasises the depth of the harm wrought by their intrusion into her residence and their violation of her privacy, allowing Boll to criticise the police’s corrupt use of their authority to infringe on the dignity of the ordinary citizen and suggest their failure to protect the weak. Such ideas are further supported within the text as the police force a helpless Katharina to undergo a humiliating interrogation, in which she is subject to aggressive and vulgar questioning by the Chief Crime Commissioner, Erwin Biezmenne, who crudely asks, â€Å"Did he fuck you?† The syntax, harsh diction and personal nature of this question creates a jarring, crass effect and reveals the disrespectful nature and insensitivity of the police force as they callously exercise their power. As the investigation continues, it is revealed that these harsh interviews occurred after the police had discovered Gotten’s location as Biezmenne is criticised for leaving him â€Å"unmolested for almost forty-eight hours, although his presence at the Straubleder villa had been known to the police†. The Commissioner’s continuation of Katharina’s interrogation in spite of this knowledge suggests he possesses a vendetta against her and that his motivations went beyon d the capture of Gotten and the execution of justice. In revealing this corrupt abuse of power by the police force of West Germany, Boll directly challenges the idealised image of the law and its enforcement as a symbol of justice, peace and protection for the public and positions audiences to question the illusion of morality and justness surrounding the country itself. Boll presents the unethical and defamatory actions of the sensationalist press, motivated by their desire for the profit accompanying increased circulation, to criticise the capitalist ideologies which underpin the society of West Germany. By exploring the metaphorical death of Katharina’s reputation at the hands of the News, the author is able to reveal the duplicitous nature of â€Å"gutter journalism† as it abuses power for monetary gain, proving that â€Å"when morality comes up against profit, it is seldom that profit loses† (Crisholm, 1970). This is apparent within their dramatic headlines of â€Å"Outlaw’s Sweetheart† and â€Å"Murderer’s Moll†. Here, the respective clichà © and alliteration, as well as the evocative language chosen by the writer, reveal the News’ attempts to portray an innocent Katharina as an accomplice to Gotten’s crimes, demonstrating their use of defamatory sensationalism to entice audiences into purchasing their newspaper and thus, furthering their power over public perceptions. Despite being aware of the detrimental impact these false articles would inflict on Katharina’s reputation, the press’ prioritisation of profit above ethics drives them to continue portraying her as a ‘moll’, which has damaging connotations of a manipulative and untrustworthy criminal companion. The use of dramatic irony and the text’s report-like structure, as the audience knows that she is innocent, allows Boll to criticise the media for the destruction of her name and standing, and thus the capitalism prevalent within West Germany that motivates them. This is further reinforced as it is revealed that â€Å"the News had transformed [Mr Blorna’s] statement that Katharina was intelligent, cool and level-headed into ‘ice-cold and calculating’†¦and that she was ‘entirely capable of committing a crime’†. This demonstrat es how the News has manipulated interviews in order to portray people in harmful manners to serve their own needs. The compliments to her character paid by Mr Blorna have been warped into cunning and deceitful implications in order to present an incriminating depiction of Katharina. By fabricating a guilty image of her through the use of diction, the media is able to sensationalise her story to increase circulation and maximise their own profit. The fact that this is callously achieved at the expense of Katharina’s reputation allows Boll to challenge the belief that journalism is a symbol of truth, justice and integrity and criticise the capitalism which drives the News into these unethical and cruel acts. Thus, in demonstrating the News’ metaphorical murder of Katharina’s reputation, Boll is able to demonstrate the corruption within West German media as a result of its capitalist nature. Boll deliberately links Katharina’s suffering to the patriarchy of West Germany in order to reveal the destructive consequences caused by the male-dominated structure of the nation. He is able to criticise the male supremacy within West Germany through the sexualised treatment of Katharina as a single, attractive divorcee within a sexist society. This is demonstrated throughout her interactions with powerful men such as Alois Straubleder â€Å"who was not only very well off but downright famous in the political, economic and academic world†¦almost like a movie star†. In addition to being a conservative politician, a leading industrialist, a prominent churchman and an academic with powerful contacts in the police, press and judiciary, Straubleder is also Katharina’s â€Å"gentleman visitor†, who forces his unrequited affections on her and consequently contributes to her suffering. While his gifts bring further suspicion upon Katharina, he is completely unaffected by his own actions and is easily able to dismiss the potential investigation into his private life with a single phone call to the police, as evident when he states, â€Å"If an affair with a woman gets me into trouble it is private troubleEven a picture of me with a woman as beautiful as Katharina Blum wouldn’t harm methey are dropping the theory of the male visitor†¦neither the ringor the lettersis going to present a problem†. This demonstrates how inconsequential sexual affairs are for even married, high-profile men while even just the unconfirmed conjecture of Katharina having sexual relations are publically published and taken as evidence of guilt, with the press painting her as whore and the police regarding her as a criminal. Despite her refusal of his affections, Katharina is essentially punished by the patriarchal society of West Germany for her rumoured promiscuity, while Straubleder freely admits that he would face no such consequences whatsoever for the very same act, even if there had been photographic evidence of his adultery. Coupled with the fact that he is able to end this theory with just one phone call (whereas Katharina’s continuous insistence of its irrelevancy to the case was useless in convincing the police of anything), this reveals sexist nature of West German society and the double standards that exist within it. However, this incident is only one of many examples of Katharina’s powerlessness as she is continuously and unduly sexualised and violated by men, a common occurrence that she is revealed to have experienced countless times since her youth as she states, â€Å"it wasnt something new for me – a man going for my dress – when youve worked in other peop les homes ever since you were fourteen†. This reveals the sense of entitlement felt by many men as a result of the male supremacy within her society, and the corrupt way these men attempt to abuse the power allotted to them by their gender, as a result of the prominent patriarchal control over society, and as her employer to exercise sexual power over her. Their desire to demean and dominate over her is also further prompted by her position as a strong, beautiful and independent woman, as her refusal to fulfil the female stereotype of passivity and obedience undermines their authority and is ever more threatening because â€Å"feminism requires precisely what patriarchy destroys in women: unimpeachable bravery in confronting male power† (Dworkin, 1974). This cruel and inhumane treatment of Katharina as a sexual object for male enjoyment influences audiences to sympathise with her and question the acceptability of the patriarchal structure of West Germany. It is thus thr ough presenting Katharina’s suffering at the hands of powerful men that Boll is able to reveal the corruption brought by the patriarchal nature of the nation of West Germany. Therefore, Heinrich Boll effectively reveals the corrupt nationhood of West Germany in his 1975 novel The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum. By exploring Katharina’s powerlessness as her rights are violated, her reputation is destroyed and her beauty is sexualised, he is able to criticise the unjust police, the capitalist press and the unfair patriarchy of West Germany. As audiences see how these unethical power structures abuse their authority and cause suffering to helpless, ordinary citizens such as Katharina, they are encouraged to question the morality of the country itself, as well as that of their own nation. Bibliography Crisholm, S. (1970). Unbought and Unbossed. Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America: Houghton Mifflin. Crummel, A. (n.d.). Book of African-American Quotations. Chelmsford, Massachusetts, United States of America: Courier Corporation. Dworkin, A. (1974). Woman Hating. Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America: E. P. Dutton.

Who Were the November Criminals

The nickname November Criminals was given to the German politicians who negotiated and signed the armistice which ended World War I  in November of 1918. The November Criminals were named so by German political opponents who thought the German army had enough strength to continue and that surrendering was a betrayal or crime, that the German army had not actually lost on the battlefront. These political opponents were chiefly right-wingers, and the idea that the November Criminals had ‘stabbed Germany in the back’ by engineering surrender was partly created by the German military itself, who maneuvered the situation so the civilians would be blamed for conceding a war that the generals also felt couldn’t be won, but which they didn’t wish to admit. Many of the November Criminals were a part of the early resistance members who eventually spearheaded the German Revolution of 1918 - 1919, several of which went on to serve as heads of the  Weimar Republic  which would serve as the basis for the post-war German reconstruction in the years to come. The Politicians Who Ended World War I In early 1918, World War One was raging and German forces on the western front were still holding conquered territory  but their forces were finite and being pushed to exhaustion while the enemies were benefitting from millions of fresh United States troops. While Germany might have won in the east, many troops were tied down holding their gains. The German commander Eric Ludendorff, therefore, decided to make one final great attack to try and break the western front open before the US arrived in strength. The attack made large gains at first but petered out and was pushed back; the allies followed this up by inflicting The Black Day of the German Army when they started to push the Germans back beyond their defenses, and Ludendorff suffered a mental breakdown. When he recovered, Ludendorff decided Germany could not win and would need to seek an armistice, but he also knew the military would be blamed, and decided to move this blame elsewhere. Power was transferred to a civilian government, who had to go surrender and negotiate a peace, allowing the military to stand back and claim they could have carried on: after all, Germans forces were still in enemy territory. As Germany went through a transition from imperial military command to a socialist revolution that led to a democratic government, the old soldiers blamed these November Criminals for abandoning the war effort. Hindenburg, Ludendorff’s notional superior, said the Germans had been stabbed in the back by these civilians, and the Treaty of Versailles’ harsh terms did nothing to prevent the criminals idea festering. In all of this, the military escaped the blame and was seen as exceptional while the emerging socialists were held falsely at fault. Exploitation: From Soldiers to Hitlers Revisionist History Conservative politicians against the quasi-socialist reform and restoration efforts of the Weimar Republic capitalized on this myth and spread it through much of the 1920s, targeting those that agreed with former soldiers who felt they had wrongfully been told to cease fighting, which led to much civic unrest from right-wing groups at the time. When Adolf Hitler emerged in the German political scene later that decade, he recruited these ex-soldiers, military elites, and disaffect men who believed those in power had rolled over for the Allied Armies, taking their dictation instead of negotiating a proper treaty. Hitler  wielded the stab in the back myth  and the November Criminals surgically to enhance his own power and plans. He used this narrative that Marxists, Socialists, Jews, and traitors had caused the failure of Germany in the Great War (in which Hitler had fought and been injured) and found widespread followers of the lie in the post-war German population. This played a key and direct role in Hitlers rise to power, capitalizing on the egos and fears of the citizenry, and its ultimately why people should still be wary of what they regard as real history — after all, its the victors of wars that write the history books, so people like Hitler most certainly tried to rewrite some history!